纖維素有序納米復(fù)合材料的可控生物制造 Controllable bio-fabrication on ordered cellulose nano-hybrid composite
項(xiàng)目類別：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金
項(xiàng)目編號(hào)：20774033
參與人員：楊光
起止日期：2008年1月-2010年12月
本項(xiàng)目提出了一種基于先進(jìn)生物制造技術(shù)制備纖維素納米復(fù)合材料的新工藝過(guò)程，通過(guò)生物技術(shù)與納米技術(shù)的有機(jī)結(jié)合，以細(xì)菌纖維素為分子組裝的納米機(jī)器人，用分子模板、動(dòng)態(tài)微流控控制及電磁等方法在納米尺寸范圍誘導(dǎo)微生物的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向，經(jīng)調(diào)控所分泌微纖維的排列模式，“自下而上”自動(dòng)構(gòu)筑由纖維素納米纖維編織的具有特定規(guī)則圖案的三維復(fù)合材料。通過(guò)闡明在可控制造過(guò)程中的基本科學(xué)問(wèn)題，建立在納米尺度有序控制材料組裝的新方法和新理論，為構(gòu)筑具有多層次高度精細(xì)結(jié)構(gòu)的仿生醫(yī)用材料（如人工肌腱等），或具有各向異性的多組分精密光電材料，提供重要科學(xué)依據(jù)。
In this study, a new process based on advanced manufacturing technology for making cellulose nano-compisite materials has been proposed, via the combination of biological technology and nanotechnology. In this approach, bacteria are taken as nano robots, and molecular template，microfluidic techniques and electromagnetic techniques could be used to control the movements of microorganisms on nano scale, so that the array of the microfibers excreted by the bacteria may be tuned, and three-dimensional composite materials with specific patterns made from cellulose nano fibers can be automatically fabricated with the “bottom up” method. The fundamental scientific issues regarding the controllable manufacture process can be tackled, and new methods and theories on how to control the ordered assembly of materials on nano scale may be established. The above results will provide scientific evidences for manufacturing biomimetic and medical materials with multi-layers and highly fine structure, such as artificial muscle, as well as the anisotropic and multi-component fine photoelectrical materials.